Garlic for UTI: Uses and side effects

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common and an uncomfortable experience for many people. While medical attention is crucial for severe cases, exploring natural remedies can offer relief and support the healing process. One remedy that has gained significant attention is garlic for UTI, something that even my mom recommends. Known for its potent antibacterial properties, garlic has been used to treat various health problems, including UTIs. Garlic contains compounds called allicins, which may inhibit the growth of bacteria. These compounds can help combat the bacteria that cause UTIs, potentially reducing the severity of symptoms and promoting healing. Also, garlic may help to boost the immune system, which can play a crucial role in fighting off infections.

What is UTI?

A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects any part of the urinary system, including the kidneys, bladder, ureters, and urethra. UTIs are most commonly caused by bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli (E. coli), which normally live in the intestines but can enter the urinary tract, as found in a study published in StatPearls. UTIs are more frequent in women due to their shorter urethra, but men can also develop them. Symptoms often include a burning sensation during urination, frequent urges to urinate, and cloudy or strong-smelling urine. If left untreated, a UTI can lead to more serious kidney infections.

What are the causes of UTI?

The primary causes of urinary tract infections include:

• Bacterial infection: The most common cause is bacteria, especially Escherichia coli (E. coli), which typically lives in the intestines,” says gynaecologist and obstetrician Dr Pooja C Thukral. When E. coli enters the urinary tract through the urethra, it can cause infection, as found in a study published in the BMC Microbiology.
• Sexual activity: Sex can introduce bacteria into the urinary tract, increasing the risk of UTIs, especially in women, as per a study published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine.
• Poor hygiene: Improper wiping (wiping back to front) after urination or bowel movements can transfer bacteria from the anus to the urethra, leading to infection, as found in a study published in the Journal of Education and Health Promotion.
• Holding urine for too long: Not urinating regularly allows bacteria in the urine to multiply, increasing the risk of infection.
• Dehydration: Not drinking enough water reduces urination, making it harder to flush bacteria from the urinary tract.
• Urinary catheters: Long-term use of urinary catheters can introduce bacteria into the urinary tract and increase the risk of infection.
• Hormonal changes: Hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle might affect the urinary system, making it more prone to bacterial overgrowth. According to a study published in the American Society for Microbiology, changes in oestrogen levels can specifically influence the balance of bacteria in the urinary system, thereby raising the incidence of UTIs. Plus, pregnancy, menopause, and the use of certain birth control methods (like spermicides and diaphragms) can alter the environment of the urinary tract, making it more susceptible to infection.
• Underlying health conditions: Conditions such as diabetes, kidney stones, or an enlarged prostate can interfere with the normal flow of urine, leading to bacterial growth.
• Weakened immune system: A weakened immune system due to illness, medications, or chronic conditions can increase the risk of infection, including UTIs.

Symptoms of UTI

The symptoms of a urinary tract infection (UTI) can vary depending on which part of the urinary system is affected, but common signs include –

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• Burning sensation during urination: A painful or stinging feeling while urinating.
• Frequent urge to urinate: A strong and persistent need to urinate, often with little urine output.
• Cloudy or strong-smelling urine: Urine may appear cloudy or have a strong, unpleasant odour.
• Blood in the urine (Hematuria): Urine may appear pink, red, or brown due to the presence of blood.
• Pelvic pain: Pain or pressure in the lower abdomen, especially around the bladder area.
• Feeling of incomplete urination: The sensation that the bladder isn’t completely emptied after urination.

Is garlic an effective home remedy for UTI?

Garlic is considered an effective home remedy for UTIs due to its natural antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties, primarily attributed to a compound called allicin. Allicin is released when garlic is crushed or chopped and has been shown to inhibit the growth of various pathogens, including E. coli, which is the most common cause of UTIs. “Garlic helps reduce inflammation and boost the immune system, aiding the body in fighting infections naturally. Additionally, garlic’s diuretic properties may promote urination, which helps flush bacteria out of the urinary tract,” says the expert.

How to add garlic to your diet?

Incorporating garlic into your diet can help alleviate urinary tract infection (UTI) symptoms due to its antimicrobial properties. Here are a few ways to add garlic to your meals, as per the expert:

1. Raw garlic

Raw garlic is the most potent form as it retains allicin, the active compound with antimicrobial properties that can help fight E. coli and other bacteria causing UTIs.

How to consume:

• Crush 1-2 garlic cloves and let them sit for 5-10 minutes to release the allicin.
• Eat the raw garlic on an empty stomach or mix it with honey for better taste. You can also swallow it like a pill with water.

2. Garlic tea

Garlic tea provides a gentler way to consume garlic while still getting its benefits. How to make:

• Crush 2-3 garlic cloves and add them to a cup of hot water.
• Let it steep for 10 minutes, then strain and drink.
• You can add a bit of lemon juice or honey to improve the flavour.

3. Garlic-infused olive oil

Garlic-infused olive oil can be used as a flavorful addition to salads, soups, or bread, helping to regularly consume garlic in a mild form. How to make:

• Crush several garlic cloves and mix them with olive oil.
• Let the mixture sit for 24 hours, then strain and use the infused oil in your dishes.

4. Use garlic in cooking

Adding garlic to your everyday meals (such as soups, stir-fries, or salads) is an easy way to incorporate its UTI-fighting properties into your diet. How to use:

• Sauté chopped garlic in olive oil and add it to pasta, vegetables, or soups.
• Add freshly chopped garlic to salad dressings or sprinkle over roasted vegetables.

By incorporating garlic regularly into your diet, you can boost your body’s natural defences against UTIs. However, garlic should be consumed in moderation to avoid potential side effects.

What are the side effects of garlic?

While garlic offers many health benefits, it can cause some side effects, especially when consumed in large amounts:

• Bad breath and body odour: Garlic has a strong smell that can linger.
• Heartburn or digestive issues: Some people may experience acid reflux, bloating, or upset stomach.
• Blood thinning: Garlic can act as a natural blood thinner, which may increase the risk of bleeding, especially if taken with blood-thinning medications.
• Allergic reactions: Some individuals may develop skin rashes or other allergic symptoms after consuming garlic.

It is always advisable to consult a healthcare provider before using garlic as a remedy, especially if you are pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking medications.